Intro: Modoc County
Modoc County, tucked away in the far northeast corner of California, is a high desert landscape of agricultural plains, ancient lava flows, juniper flats, pine forests, volcanic mountains, valleys, and and lakes. Native American tribes, including the Modoc, have lived here for literally thousands of years. Alturas, a small Old West town that now serves as the county headquarters, sits on the Pit River. Despite its abundance of wilderness, recreational opportunities, and resplendent natural beauty, tourism is not a major sector of the local economy - largely due to the region's remote location.
Destination: Lava Tube Caves
30,000-40,000 years ago the Medicine Lake Volcano was actively flowing lava, which formed most of the lava tube caves in the Lava Beds National Monument. As the hot lava flowed downhill, the top cooled and crusted over, insulating the rest of the lava and forming tubes wherein lava continued to flow. Lavacicles on the ceiling of a lava tube were left as the level of lava in the tube went down and the lava on the ceiling dripped as it cooled.
Today, the volcano has long dried up and only the tube caves remain. Lava Beds National Monument has the largest concentration of lava tube caves in North America. Some, such as Sunshine Cave, are partially collapsed and are illuminated by sunlight; one cave (Mushpot Cave) has electrical lighting, while the other caves require hard hats and flashlights, available to borrow from the Visitor's Center. There are over 25 caves mapped and open for visitor exploration.
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| High desert above the lava tube caves with Cascade mountains in the distance |
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| Schonchin Butte Lookout |
Skull Cave
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Night sky in Modoc County high desert




































